The benefits of Microbiology

Sunday, June 27, 2010

Use of bacteria as probiotics and pre-bioticsProbiotics' refers to useful, live bacteria consumed in small amounts for their potential benefits on health. Pre-biotics refer to certain substances which are consumed in order to promote the growth of commensal...
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DNA sequencing and genomics

Thursday, January 21, 2010

One of the most fundamental technologies developed to study genetics, DNA sequencing allows researchers to determine the sequence of nucleotides in DNA fragments. Developed in 1977 by Frederick Sanger and coworkers, chain-termination sequencing is now...
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Molecular models of DNA

Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules using one of several means, such as: closely packed spheres (CPK models) made of plastic, metal wires for 'skeletal...
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DNA Double Helix

DNA is a normally double stranded macromolecule. Two polynucleotide chains, held together by weak thermodynamic forces, form a DNA molecule. Features of the DNA Double Helix * Two DNA strands form a helical spiral, winding around a helix axis in a...
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Components of DNA

DNA is a polymer. The monomer units of DNA are nucleotides, and the polymer is known as a "polynucleotide." Each nucleotide consists of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a nitrogen containing base attached to the sugar, and a phosphate group. There are...
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Mesothelioma and Early Lung Cancer Identified by Screening

Exposure to asbestos fibers is a known risk factor for lung cancer and the cause of mesothelioma. Although asbestos is still not completely banned in the U.S., it was phased out of American industry to a large degree beginning in the 1970s. However because...
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Mesothelium

The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive...
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Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that is almost always caused by exposure to asbestos. In this disease, malignant cells develop in the mesothelium, a protective lining that covers most of the body's internal organs. Its most common site is the pleura...
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DNA Extraction From Fresh Bone

Extract nucleic acids, such as DNA, from bone samples in order to analyze gene expressions, to look for somatic mutations of tumors or other pathological tissue, or for genotyping archive material when other sources of DNA are not available. You can...
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Benefits of Ayurvedic Medicines

• By using ayurvedic and herbal medicines you ensure physical and mental health without side effects. The natural ingredients of herbs help bring “arogya” to human body and mind. ("Arogya" means free from diseases). The chemicals used in preparing allopathy...
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Serial analysis of gene expression

Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a technique used by molecular biologists to produce a snapshot of the messenger RNA population in a sample of interest in the form of small tags that correspond to fragments of those transcripts. The original...
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Ayurveda

Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine native to India, and practiced in other parts of the world as a form of alternative medicine. In Sanskrit, the word Ayurvedacomprises the words āyus, meaning 'life' and veda, meaning 'science'. Evolving throughout...
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Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as rRNA genes or tRNA genes, the product is a functional RNA.Several...
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Cleave DNA Using Restriction Endonulease:

In order to manipulate DNA you have to posses the ability to cleave DNA at specific sites by using bacterial enzyme, which is restriction endonulease. Restriction endonucleases are bacterial enzymes that cleave duplex DNA at specific target sequences...
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Cloning

CloningCloning in biology is the process of producing populations of genetically-identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to...
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Cell culture

Cell culture is the process by which prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells are grown under controlled conditions. In practice the term "cell culture" has come to refer to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells....
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Types of cells

Cells are often categorized by their source: * Autologous cells are obtained from the same individual to which they will be reimplanted. Autologous cells have the fewest problems with rejection and pathogen transmission, however in some cases might not...
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Tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physio-chemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range...
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Biochemical engineering

Biochemical engineering is a branch of chemical engineering or biological engineering that mainly deals with the design and construction of unit processes that involve biological organisms or molecules, such as bioreactors. Biochemical engineering is...
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Genetic Version

In a strange genetic version of the Russian doll, scientists have discovered the genome of a bacterial parasite nestled inside the genome of its host. The findings, published today in the journal Science, suggest that organisms might quickly acquire...
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Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as rRNA genes or tRNA genes, the product is a functional RNA.Several...
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Vomitoxin

Vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), is a type B trichothecene, an epoxy-sesquiterpeneoid. This mycotoxin occurs predominantly in grains such as wheat, barley, oats, rye, and maize, and less often in rice, sorghum, and triticale. The occurrence...
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A Genome within a Genome

In a strange genetic version of the Russian doll, scientists have discovered the genome of a bacterial parasite nestled inside the genome of its host. The findings, published today in the journal Science, suggest that organisms might quickly acquire...
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RNA - Transcription

Introduction: The differences in the composition of RNA and DNA have already been noted. In addition, RNA is not usually found as a double helix but as a single strand. However, the single polynucleotide strand may fold back on itself to...
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Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA. RNA synthesis, or transcription, is the process of transcribing DNA nucleotide sequence information into RNA sequence information. Both nucleic acid sequences use complementary language,...
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The Dna Testing Process

DNA testing is becoming increasingly used to determine genetic links between individuals as a highly accurate and individual way of identifying people and their relationships with one another. The process itself is one carried out in advanced laboratories...
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Dna Testing to Find Your Ancestors

The use of DNA testing for determining a person’s ancestry is becoming more and common. By linking your maternal DNA (mitochondrial DNA) and your paternal DNA (the y-chromosome), these ancestry databases are effectively able to link you to other people...
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How Is Dna Testing Done

DNA testing is done for many different reasons. DNA evidence can link an alleged criminal to a crime scene. DNA paternity and maternity testing can identify a child's father or mother. DNA relationship testing can determine if two individuals are full...
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Bacteriocin

Bacteriocins are proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are typically considered to be narrow spectrum antibiotics, though this has been debated They are phenomenologically...
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The Analysis of DNA or RNA

In order to measure DNA content you can use UV Spectrophotometer with the advantages are nondestructive and allows the sample to be recovered for further analysis or manipulation. Spectrophotometry uses the fact that there is a relationship between the...
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Abamectin

INTRODUCTIONAbamectin is a mixture of avermectins containing > 80% avermectin B1a and <> Use Abamectin is used to control insect and mite pests of a range of agronomic, fruit, vegetable and ornamental crops, and it is used by homeowners for...
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Characteristics and Properties of Amino Acids

Introduction: Each amino acid has at least one amine and one acid functional group as the name implies. The different properties result from variations in the structures of different R groups. The R group is often referred to as the amino acid side...
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